The cotyledons continue providing food to the baby plant until the leaves emerge and produce their own food.
Once the seed bursts, the root, and the cotyledons are still present, while the seed coat falls in the soil and detaches itself from the plant. However, a seed that has not yet grown leaves manages to survive with the starch stored inside the cotyledons of the seed. The leaves contain chlorophyll, which helps in photosynthesis (making food). How Does The Seed Get Food Before The Leaves Appear?Īs we all know, plants are the primary producers in the food chain. Once the root appears, it begins to absorb water and nutrients from the soil, a function previously performed by the seed coat.Īlso Read: What Exactly Is A Flower Bulb, And How Does It Differ From A Flower Seed? However, there are some exceptions in coconuts, the plumule or the shoot emerges before the root. In almost all plants, the root comes before the shoot. Once the seed coat bursts open, a primary root emerges, known as the radicle. If the optimal conditions are met, the seed absorbs more and more water (imbibition), swells up, and bursts! If the soil is not porous, carbon dioxide does not leave the seed, and it will suffocate. The soil must be porous for water and air to penetrate and reach the seed. Like any living thing, the seed needs oxygen and releases carbon dioxide until the leaves grow, at which point it can produce oxygen. The seed coat has tiny holes or pores through which water and air can enter. Any temperature above this range can either damage the seeds or make them dormant.
The seed can grow within its range of minimum and maximum temperatures.
The process by which a seed transforms into a plant (seedling) in optimum sunlight, air, and water is called germination. Structure of corn seed (Photo Credit: Fancy Tapis/ Shutterstock) Some seed coats are hard (peas and corn), while some are comparatively soft (tomatoes and peppers) The Seed Coat – the hard outer covering that protects the embryo.The Endosperm – nourishes and provides food for the seedling.The Embryo – gives rise to the new plant.
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